Candidiasis

Candida species are usually part of the normal skin and gut flora, and it is present in approximately 60% of the normal healthy population. However, if the balance of “good” and “bad” bacteria was disrupted, it could result in an overgrowth of candida species, which causes candidiasis. Candidiasis can affect the mouth (oral candidiasis, also known as oral thrush), the head of the penis (candida balanitis) and the vagina (vaginal candidiasis, also known as yeast infection).

A number of conditions can result in the overgrowth of candida species, including:

1. Uncontrolled diabetes,
2. Impaired immune system, for example, HIV/AIDS,
3. Certain medications, for example, antibiotic, which kills the healthy bacteria
 

While Candida albicans (CA) is the most common species and accounts for 80-90% of candidiasis. The remaining 10-20% is caused by other species, including Candida glabrata, tropicalis, parapsilosis, krusei, lusitaniae, dubliniensis and others.

REF:
(REF: Kullberg, B. J. & Arendrup, M. C. Invasive candidiasis. N. Engl. J. Med. 373, 1445–1456 (2015). )
(Candida balanitis: risk factors. 2010.)