Gardnerella vaginalis

Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is one of the bacteria that makes up a woman’s normal vaginal flora, and it has been detected in 50% of healthy women. However, a disturbance in the balance of normal flora may result in the overgrowth of GV, which could cause bacterial vaginosis (BV). GV is also found in the male urethra, and although rarely causes symptoms, some studies suggest that it can be associated with urethritis in men.

(REF: Kenyon CR, Osbak K. Recent progress in understanding the epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Dec;26(6):448-54. )
(REF: Schwebke JR, Muzny CA, Josey WE. Role of Gardnerella vaginalis in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis: a conceptual model. J Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 01;210(3):338-43.)
(REF: The bacterial microbiota in first-void urine from men with and without idiopathic urethritis. 2018. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0201380 )